What Are the Different Types of Bioremediation?

Bioremediation encompasses various techniques used to clean up contaminants in the environment or address biohazardous situations. Traditionally, bioremediation focuses on environmental decontamination, such as cleaning up oil spills or polluted soil. In recent years, the term has expanded to include specialized services like biohazard and crime scene cleanup. While these fields share the same core objective—restoration—they differ significantly in methods and applications.

Types of Bioremediation: Environmental Applications

Classic bioremediation methods utilize biological agents to restore ecosystems by breaking down harmful substances. The three primary types are:

1. Microbial Bioremediation

Utilizes microorganisms to consume and degrade pollutants, such as hydrocarbons and organic solvents.
Commonly applied in soil and groundwater remediation.

2. Phytoremediation

Involves plants to extract, bind, or detoxify contaminants like metals, pesticides, and petroleum hydrocarbons.
Often used in agricultural and industrial cleanup projects.

3. Mycoremediation

Leverages fungi and their enzymes to break down contaminants such as heavy metals and hydrocarbons.
Particularly effective for decomposing stubborn pollutants in soil and water.

While these methods address environmental hazards, bioremediation for crime scene and biohazard cleanup focuses on protecting human health and living spaces.

Bioremediation in Crime Scene Cleanup

In the context of trauma or crime scenes, bioremediation refers to the cleanup of biological materials that could pose health risks. This involves:

Bio (biological material): Blood, bodily fluids, and other potentially infectious materials.
Remediation (restoration): Ensuring the site is free from biohazards, properly sanitized, and safe for reentry.

How Crime Scene Cleanup Works

At the family’s request, professional cleaners arrive after law enforcement has processed the scene. Their role is to:

Remove visible biohazards such as blood and bodily fluids.
Disinfect and deodorize the area using advanced techniques.
Employ eco-friendly enzyme cleaners instead of harsh chemicals like bleach or ammonia.

ServiceMaster BioClean uses specialized cleaning protocols, including Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) testing, to measure the presence of organic material and ensure hospital-grade sanitation levels.

Key Differences: Environmental vs. Non-Environmental Bioremediation

While environmental bioremediation tackles large-scale ecological pollution, crime scene bioremediation is localized and addresses immediate threats to human health. These fields require distinct training, methods, and certifications.

Why Choose ServiceMaster BioClean for Biohazard Cleanup?

With a compassionate approach and decades of experience, ServiceMaster BioClean specializes in trauma and biohazard remediation. Our certified professionals are equipped to handle complex cleanup tasks, ensuring:

Complete decontamination and odor removal.
Compliance with OSHA and CDC standards.
Restoring peace of mind for families during difficult times.